08/04/2025
The above diagram illustrates the complex relationship between different particles in particle physics, presented here as a rendition of a hydrogen atom.
So is particle physics limited to physicists, or is there a way for everyone to understand what is going on here? It turns out that understanding particle physics is not that difficult.
It turns out that there are only two types of particles that exist, half-spinners and not half-spinning particles.
The half-spinning particles are known as fermions, and there are two types, quarks (matter found inside an atom, for example making neutrons and protons in sets of three) and leptons (matter found outside an atom, for example an electron), respectively.
The not half-spinners are known as bosons or force particles.
Having extensively researched bosons, it seems that "force carriers" are how bosons are often described, but perhaps a more accurate description would be types of glue particles, which bind fermion particles together -- and if not -- they come apart, and so forcing particles together and forcing them apart is a good way to think of these strong and weak glue particles.
Some of the most commonly known not half-spinning force particles or bosons (which can be created from other bosons, and which can be created by the collision of half-spinning fermions like the merge event of positrons and electrons) are illustrated above, specifically Higgs Bosons (the 'glue' or force particle that 'glues'-transfers energy or mass to massless particles via energy bonds derived from the Higgs field, which have an equivalent mass value per E=mc2), W and Z bosons (weak nuclear force, which are also massless but for the transfer of mass via energy bonds from Higgs), gluons (strong nuclear force), photons (electromagneticism or light), and gravitons (gravity).
The darkest blue and purple particles above in the illustration are among the heaviest particles, and where most of these particles are derived from Higgs Boson, Top Quark, and Tau, which can each almost be thought of a wad of gum, which when pulled apart results in smaller pieces of gum from and still somewhat connected to the parent Higgs particles, and where the sticky strands or bonds connecting the larger parent wad of gum to the smaller pieces of gum derived from Higgs, is an analogy for the energy bond linking the Higgs parent particle to the Higgs offspring particles, which has an equivalent amount of mass, whose units are in electron volts divided by the speed of light squared per Einstein, and representing resting mass or mass without momentum. These are the numbers found inside each particle above, which represent the resting mass of these particles, based on Einstein's famous equation.
As illustrated above, some theories in physics include gravity and others don't, and so here above is the gum wad analogy with (left) and without (right) gravity, but where this analogy is helpful in understanding that most particles can be directly derived from Higgs and/or other large particles that are derived from Higgs, so indirectly-derived from Higgs, making Higgs like a giant ball of gum that can be teased almost apart into smaller pieces of gum, connected by strings of gum, which are the energy bonds that are shared between Higgs and the particles derived from Higgs, which is how (through the Higgs field) Higgs transfers mass to the massless particles from Higgs. Another analogy would be a cell undergoing cell division, where large growing cells pinch into two smaller cells, which then grow until they pinch or cleave into four cells, et cetera, with the larger parent cell transferring mass and energy to the smaller offspring cells.
In the diagram at the top, graviton considerations are illustrated, because a graviton would be required between any two masses with any radius between them, per Newton, and so a sea of gravitons would be required for any particle with mass, and any other particles with mass, illustrated in orange above.
Also interesting, the heavy dark blue and purple particles -- which have the greatest mass transferred to them by Higgs and other large particles -- are very close to Higgs, and the energy bonds between Higgs and these offspring particles are very short.
As a result, enormously heavy and energetic particles are closest to Higgs or within the bulk of the Higgs field, relative to much smaller particles derived directly or indirectly from Higgs which are much farther away, for example gluons, photons, and/or gravity, and so the farther particles derived from Higgs or from Higgs derived particles, the weaker the force or glue particle is the anaology, much like pulling a piece of gum off the wad, and pulling it across the room, leaving a long and very weak thin string of gum between the two, further weakened the further the gum is pulled, is how gravity operates.
Said differently, gluons, photons, and/or graviton force/boson or glue particles derived from Higgs must be located further away than W and Z force/boson particles relative to the Higgs particle and Higgs field, and this distance from Higgs is why gravity is so weakened (as predicted and measured by Newton via universal gravity), but also which allows the force to exist at far distances, regardless of how weak this force/boson or glue particle operates due to Newton's inverse radius square in the universal gravity equation, which depends on and is weakened by the distance between two masses, specifically by the square of the distance between the masses.
Returning to our analogy, the not half-spinning boson/force or glue particles, hold the fermions inside (quarks) and outside (leptons) of the atoms together, and these particles can largely be derived from large particles like/mostly Higgs, or particles derived from Higgs-derived particles, resulting in unique statistical/shared surfaces or energy bond binding configurations between Higgs and the particles Higgs derives, which cause some particles to become attracted and/or repulsed to other particles, and in the context that prior to decaying from Higgs, were proto-particles being held together, and which were then forced apart by the Higgs field, pinching or sharing particle properties off Higgs. Returning to a cellular biology analogy, the cell adhesion molecules found on the outsides of cells -- which act like homing or docking navigation tools for cells, molecules, and ions -- are like the shared/surfaces of the proto and post particles derived from Higgs, causing other particles to become attracted or repulsed to one another.
Much like the Egyptian God, Ra, who gave life to other Gods - which Ra could combine with to form other Gods - Higgs particles and particles derived from Higgs can breakdown and add up to create most if not all particles. As a result, Higgs has been coined the "God Particle", from which most to all matter and force can be derived.
Also interesting, the diagram at the top illustrates a type of infinite looping, because different particles generated by Higgs and/or other large particles can combine to form Higgs and Higgs-derived particles, first predicted by Emily de Chatelet upon editing the work of Newton, resulting in her conclusion, that energy cannot be created, nor destroyed, only transferred. Anything that can't be created nor destroyed has always existed and will exist forever, and the diagram above illustrates this infinite looping or transfer of energy, supporting the conclusions of de Chatelet and/or Newton.
Émilie du Châtelet - Wikipedia